Effect Of Diet And Exercise On Skeletal Muscle Morphology Following Radiation Therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With an increase in long-term cancer survival, the late effects of radiation therapy, a common treatment option, is an area of clinical concern. Furthermore, while obesity and physical activity levels are known to be associated with the risk for cancer, little is known regarding the effect of these two physiological factors on health following radiation therapy. PURPOSE: The purpose of the current investigation was to evaluate the influence of obesity and physical activity on skeletal muscle morphology following a sub lethal dose of radiation (IR). METHODS: Four-week-old male CBA mice were divided into control (CON; n=20) and high fat groups (HF; 45% fat, n=20). At 9 weeks of age mice in each group were further divided into sedentary (SED, n=10) and exercise (EX, n=10) groups. EX mice completed 4 weeks of treadmill training. At 13 weeks of age all mice were administered a therapeutic IR dose (3 Gy), and subsequently continued their previous exercise and dietary protocol for an additional 4 weeks. RESULTS: At 10 weeks of age HF groups had a higher percentage of body fat and higher body weight compared to controls (*p<0.05, n=9-10). At 16 weeks of age HF groups had significantly higher lean body mass and gastrocnemius/soleus complex mass compared to controls (p<0.05, n=9-10). Myofibre cross-sectional area (MCSA) analysis revealed an increase in EX groups (p<0.05, n=6-8), with a trend for an increase in HF groups (p=0.062, n=6-8). Fibre distribution analysis identified a decrease in 500-999 μm fibres (p<0.05, n=6-8), and a greater proportion of large fibres (≥2000 μm, p<0.05, n=6-8) in EX groups. Myonuclei/fibre in HF-EX was 1.3-fold higher than CON-EX and HF-SED (p<0.05, n=6-8). CONCLUSIONS: Diet-induced obesity resulted in an increase in body weight, adiposity, lean mass, and muscle weight. However, exercise training, but not HF, increased MCSA, and the proportion of large fibres. The increase in myonuclei content in HF-EX mice may implicate a role for muscle stem cell populations in this adaptive response. Future evaluation of distinct muscle stem cell populations and muscle morphological characteristics will be completed to further characterize the effect of diet and physical activity on skeletal muscle morphology following radiation therapy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".