A <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${D}$ </tex-math> </inline-formula>-Band Digital Transmitter with 64-QAM and OFDM Free-Space Constellation Formation
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A D-band I/Q RF-DAC featuring two 6-bit DAC elements driven in quadrature, each with its own on-die antenna, and a total effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) of 13.2 dBm, is demonstrated in a 45-nm SOI-CMOS technology. The carrier signal is first amplified by the 30-dB gain LO path and is directly modulated by the 12 baseband bit streams, without linear upconversion or power amplification. QPSK, 8-PSK, 16-QAM, 32-QAM, and 64-QAM single-carrier (SC) and OFDM constellations are formed in free space and measured above the die at data rates up to 12 Gb/s and at distances over 15 cm. The large-signal bandwidth -from the carrier input pad to the output of the transmitter above the antennas- is 130-142 GHz and was obtained by sweeping the frequency of the D-band external carrier, modulating it on die at 0.4 Gb/s using 16-QAM format, and measuring the error vector magnitude (EVM) with an instrumentation receiver. The highest data rate of 12 Gb/s was measured for QPSK SC modulation with a corresponding EVM of -12.2 dB. Lower maximum data rates of 7 Gb/s with -14.3-dB EVM and 3.6 Gb/s with -19-dB EVM were observed for 16-QAM and 64-QAM formats, respectively. Spectral shaping and OFDM transmission were also demonstrated at up to 2.5 Gb/s. The prototype consumes a total of 1.25 W, with an energy efficiency of 104 pJ/b.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it