Formazanate Complexes of Hypervalent Group 14 Elements as Precursors to Electronically Stabilized Radicals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The stability of molecular radicals containing main-group elements usually hinges on the presence of bulky substituents that shield the reactive radical center. We describe a family of Group 14 formazanate complexes whose chemical reduction allows access to radicals that are stabilized instead by geometric and electron-delocalization effects, specifically by the square-pyramidal coordination geometry adopted by the Group 14 atom (Si, Ge, Sn) within the framework of the heteroatom-rich formazanate ligands. The reduction potentials of the Si, Ge, and Sn complexes as determined by cyclic voltammetry become more negative in that order. Examination of the solid-state structures of these complexes suggested that their electron-accepting ability decreases with increasing size of the Group 14 atom because a larger central atom increases the nonplanarity of the ligand-based conjugated π-electron system of the complex. The experimental findings were supported by density-functional calculations on the parent complexes and the corresponding radical anions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".