GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State
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Abstract
On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii. Here, we expand upon previous analyses by working under the hypothesis that both bodies were neutron stars that are described by the same equation of state and have spins within the range observed in Galactic binary neutron stars. Our analysis employs two methods: the use of equation-of-state-insensitive relations between various macroscopic properties of the neutron stars and the use of an efficient parametrization of the defining function p(ρ) of the equation of state itself. From the LIGO and Virgo data alone and the first method, we measure the two neutron star radii as R_{1}=10.8_{-1.7}^{+2.0} km for the heavier star and R_{2}=10.7_{-1.5}^{+2.1} km for the lighter star at the 90% credible level. If we additionally require that the equation of state supports neutron stars with masses larger than 1.97 M_{⊙} as required from electromagnetic observations and employ the equation-of-state parametrization, we further constrain R_{1}=11.9_{-1.4}^{+1.4} km and R_{2}=11.9_{-1.4}^{+1.4} km at the 90% credible level. Finally, we obtain constraints on p(ρ) at supranuclear densities, with pressure at twice nuclear saturation density measured at 3.5_{-1.7}^{+2.7}×10^{34} dyn cm^{-2} at the 90% level.
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The record
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Topic
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Field
- Physics and Astronomy
- Canadian institutions
- Canadian Institute for Theoretical AstrophysicsUniversity of Toronto
- Funders
- Division of Human Resource DevelopmentAustralian Research CouncilScience and Technology Facilities CouncilNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaMinistry of Science and Technology, TaiwanMinistry of Education, IndiaConseil Régional, Île-de-FranceNarodowe Centrum NaukiNational Research Foundation of KoreaHungarian Scientific Research FundGeneralitat ValencianaIndustry CanadaKavli FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Research, Development and Innovation OfficeAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungGovern de les Illes BalearsNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research, IndiaNational Research FoundationNemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs HivatalAbdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical PhysicsInstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareEuropean CommissionRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchICTP South American Institute for Fundamental ResearchCanadian Institute for Advanced ResearchMinistero dello Sviluppo EconomicoInstitut des Origines de LyonRussian Science FoundationLeverhulme TrustScottish Funding CouncilEuropean Regional Development FundStichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der MaterieScottish Universities Physics AllianceIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareDepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaOntario Ministry of Economic Development and InnovationScience and Engineering Research BoardNational Science FoundationMax-Planck-GesellschaftRoyal SocietyResearch Corporation for Science Advancement
- Keywords
- PhysicsNeutron starLIGOEquation of stateAstrophysicsGravitational waveParametrization (atmospheric modeling)AstronomyQuantum mechanics
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes