Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment (chronic kidney disease stage 3A): The DERIVE Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims Dapagliflozin is a selective inhibitor of sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2). This study assessed the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin 10 mg vs placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and moderate renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], 45–59 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ; chronic kidney disease [CKD] stage 3A). Materials and methods In this double‐blind, parallel group, Phase 3 study (NCT02413398, clinicaltrials.gov ) patients with inadequately controlled T2D (HbA1c 7.0%‐11.0%) were randomized (1:1) to dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily (N = 160) or matching placebo (N = 161) for 24 weeks. Randomization was stratified by pre‐enrolment glucose‐lowering therapy. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in HbA1c at Week 24. Results At Week 24, compared with placebo, dapagliflozin significantly decreased HbA1c (difference [95% CI], −0.34% [−0.53, −0.15]; P < 0.001), body weight (difference [95% CI], −1.25 kg [−1.90, −0.59]; P < 0.001), fasting plasma glucose (difference [95% CI], −0.9 mmol/L [−1.5, −0.4]; P = 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (difference [95% CI], −3.1 mm Hg [−6.3, 0.0]; P < 0.05). Decreases from baseline in eGFR were greater with dapagliflozin than placebo at Week 24 (−2.49 mL/min/1.73 m 2 [−4.96, −0.02]), however, eGFR returned to baseline levels at Week 27 (3 weeks post‐treatment) (0.61 mL/min/1.73 m 2 [−1.59, 2.81]). No increase in adverse events (AEs; 41.9% vs 47.8%) or serious AEs (5.6% vs 8.7%) were reported with dapagliflozin versus placebo. No AEs of bone fractures, amputations or DKA were reported. Conclusions The findings of this study (NCT02413398, clinicaltrials.gov ) support the positive benefit/risk profile of dapagliflozin for the treatment of patients with T2D and CKD 3A.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".