<i>Canis familiaris</i> tissues are characterized by different profiles of cytokinins typical of the tRNA degradation pathway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cytokinins (CKs) are a group of phytohormones essential to plant growth and development. The presence of these N 6 ‐modified adenine derivatives has also been documented in other groups of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and insects. Thus far, however, only a single CK, N 6 ‐(Δ 2 ‐isopentenyl) adenine‐9‐riboside (iPR), has been identified in mammals. In plants, the nucleotide form of isopentenyladenine [iPR (mono/di/tri)phosphate (iPRP)] is the first form of CK synthesized, and it is further modified to produce other CK types. To determine whether a similar biosynthesis pathway exists in mammals, we tested for the presence of 27 CKs in a wide selection of canine organs using HPLC electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry. Seven forms of CK were detected in the majority of the analyzed samples, including iPR, iPRP, cis ‐zeatin‐9‐riboside, cis ‐zeatin‐9‐riboside‐5′ (mono/di/tri)phosphate, 2‐methylthio‐N 6 ‐isopentenyladenine, 2‐methylthio‐N 6 ‐isopentenyladenosine, and 2‐methylthiozeatin. Total CK concentrations ranged from 1.96 pmol/g fresh weight (adrenal glands) to 1.40 × 10 3 pmol/g fresh weight (thyroid). The results of this study provide evidence that mammalian cells, like plant cells, can synthesize and process a diverse set of CKs including cis ‐ and methylthiol‐type CKs.—Seegobin, M., Kisiala, A., Noble, A., Kaplan, D., Brunetti, C., Emery, R. J. N. Canis familiaris tissues are characterized by different profiles of cytokinins typical of tRNA degradation pathway. FASEB J. 32, 6575–6581 (2018). www.fasebj.org
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".