CORRELATION BETWEEN PES PLANUS AND TIBIOFEMORAL ANGLE MEASUREMENT IN NORMAL, HEALTHY YOUNG ADULTS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Pes planus deformity of the feet is primarily an asymptomatic condition that alters the lower limb biomechanics.It is associated with changes in knee alignment among older adults and subjects with osteoarthritis.No data are available on the correlation between pes planus and knee alignment among young adults.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if a correlation exists between the presence of pes planus and tibiofemoral angle measurement in normal, healthy young adults.Methods: Thirty subjects had their flat footedness assessed by using Feiss' line test.The tibiofemoral angle was assessed through a photograph of their lower limbs, and the data from the photograph were processed using the SCODIAC program.Results: No significant differences were found between pes planus and tibiofemoral angle among healthy, young adults.Seven subjects had bilateral structural flat feet, while most of the participants had 1 st degree flat foot.Knee genu varum was observed in most of the participants. Conclusions:Although there was no significant correlation between pes planus and tibiofemoral angle measurement among young healthy adults, the findings of this study agreed with the previous studies that was done on older adults and subjects with knee osteoarthritis in the fact that most of the pes planus feet had genu varum knee alignment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".