Protamine-like proteins analyses as emerging biotechnique for cadmium impact assessment on male mollusk Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck 1819)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Here, we report the industrial pollution effects studies as it pertains to cadmium on the reproductive health of Mytilus galloprovincialis. Mussels were removed from the biofouling of Conatex pannel after one year of exposition in a polluted site close to a disposal metallurgical factory. In testis of mussels housed in the polluted site, was observed, respect to a reference control site, a high cadmium bioaccumulation by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and a 10 fold increase metallothionein 20 kDa gene (mt20) expression levels, by qPCR. Furthermore, mussels transferred in laboratory tanks from the reference site and exposed to 1.5, 5 and 10 µM CdCl2 revealed 1.7; 3.2 and 4.5 fold testis mt20 expression increase respectively and a positive correlation with cadmium bioaccumulation. To evaluate the potential detrimental risk of such alterations on spermatozoa we carried out electrophoretic analyses on their protamine-like proteins. Protamine-like proteins from the polluted biofouling resulted all in aggregated form and showed by EMSA, the same decreased DNA binding ability of protamine-like proteins obtained from mussels exposed in laboratory tank to CdCl2. Our results contribute to the studies concerning cadmium induced testis alterations and highlight protamine-like proteins analyses as emerging biotechnique for cadmium impact assessment on Mytilus galloprovincialis for the sensibility of changes in vivo and in vitro of protamine-like proteins state and their DNA binding affinity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".