Is There a Strategic Interdependence Between the USA and Canada in the Tourism Sector? An Analysis Using Game Theory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although many tourist regions compete among themselves, there is a scenario of strategic interdependence between them that has not usually been considered in the literature. In this way, this present article has used Game Theory in order to analyse the competition / cooperation between two tourist destinations – namely, between Canada and the USA. In methodological terms, the study has used the Vector Autoregressive model; the Vector Error Correction model; and Granger Analyses in order to forecast the short-term and long-term impacts of tourism receipts between the USA and Canada. The article has used databases from 2007 – 2016 concerning their Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The tourism receipts were obtained from Statistics Canada and UNWTO. The findings have indicated that (1) there was no Nash equilibrium of a GDP payoff for the USA and Canada; (2) The USA has a dominant strategy when developing tourism, but Canada does not.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".