Reaction assessment of cultured breast cancer cells exposed to anticancer agents using microscale acoustic impedance profile
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The mechanical properties of living cells are known to be associated with disease states and cell function. In this study, acoustic impedance microscopy using a sapphire lens transducer with a center frequency of 320 MHz was employed to characterize the elasticity of the C127I cell line against an anticancer drug, nimustine hydrochloride (ACNU), and an anticancer agent, betulinic acid (BA). Confocal laser scanning microscopy was also used to investigate the drug affecting actin filaments, the nucleus, and mitochondria structures. Breast cancer cells were found to have significantly lower acoustic impedance after treatment with ACNU and BA than intact cells. Confocal images showed a significant difference in the localization of actin filaments and mitochondria structures, which suggested a difference in cell elasticity. An important insight emerging from this work is that the acoustic impedance of cells may potentially serve as a useful biomarker for anticancer drug efficacy tests, as diseases such as cancer have their own particular mechanical properties.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".