Bibliographic record
Abstract
The $2.65bn deal is the biggest private investment in the DRC's history, and was designed to secure China's supply of cobalt. According to the Cobalt Development Institute (CDI), 94% of global cobalt supplies come from nickel and copper miners that produce cobalt as a minor by-product. Only 6% of global cobalt supplies come from primary cobalt mines that might be able to increase production in response to growing demand from the battery industry. Currently no cobalt is mined as a pure-play. However, Broken Hill Prospecting (BPL) owns two cobalt deposits within two granted mining leases (ML66 and ML67) in New South Wales, Australia, containing 35.7m tonnes at 1.85lbs/tonne cobalt (0.084% cobalt) with potential for an additional 37-59m tonnes between 0.0775-0.084% cobalt. Formation Metals Inc. is a well-established Canadian mineral exploration and mine development company focused on cobalt production in Idaho, US. Its 100%-owned Idaho Cobalt Project (ICP) is a high grade primary-cobalt deposit that has the potential to process concentrates into cobalt sulfate, copper sulfate
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.085 | 0.015 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".