Frequency Selective Surface-Based Switched-Beamforming Antenna
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel switched-beamforming antenna designed using active frequency selective surfaces (AFSS) is presented. The antenna consists of two parts: a source with an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a novel active triangular frequency selective surface (ATFSS) surrounding the source. Each unit cell in the ATFSS structure contains two diamond shaped patches connected with each other by a high-frequency pin-diode. The ATFSS elements are designed using CST microwave studio. The pin-diodes are applied to achieve beam switching. By switching the applied biasing voltage, the ON and OFF states of the ATFSS exhibit reflection and transmission characteristics in the operating WLAN band. By arranging the AFSS unit cells in a triangular structure with three panels and choosing different combinations of the diode states, the beam switching at various azimuthal directions is achieved. To validate this concept, the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. A good agreement between simulations and measurements in terms of beam directions, reflection coefficient, and gain has been achieved @5.8 GHz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".