Detection of Aflatoxin Contamination of Dairy Production Chain in the Northwest Region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study evaluates levels of aflatoxin contamination involving small dairy farms from the in the Northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The objectives of this trial is: quantify lactating cow diet and raw for bulk milk Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination; evaluate the use of a mycotoxin adsorbent on cows submitted to semi-confinement raising; and verify the presence of AFM1 contamination on UHT and powdered milk commercialized locally. For this, 17 farms were selected. During the experimental period, every lactating cow on each herd received 50 g/day of a commercial mycotoxin adsorbent for dairy cows (100% bentonite). From each farm, bulk milk, corn silage and concentrate samples were collected for aflatoxin quantification. Aflatoxin M1 was detected in all milk samples examined from each farm, but the levels were within the allowed by the legislation. Aflatoxin B1 was also detected in all samples of corn silage and concentrate. The mycotoxin adsorbent used reduced (p < 0.05) AFM1 contamination in milk. AFM1 milk contamination levels observed on commercialized milk also respected Brazilian requirements. It is possible to conclude that there is a high incidence of Aflatoxin B1 contamination on corn silage and dairy cows concentrates in family farms from South Brazil region. Based on the condition in which the present study was conducted, the use of a mycotoxin adsorbent reduced the levels of AFM in milk in production system. However, the locally produced milk and commercial milk were below the AFM levels accepted by the National Requirements for AFM1 contamination.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".