Data driven point packing for fast clustering
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Modern data acquisition has forced the field of large data on the scientific community. This papers gives a rapid technique for clustering data. The technique is based on an off-line process for packing points chosen from a data space. Once the off-line process has been run, the clustering may be re-run on different data sets of the same type in linear time. The clustering takes the form of a Voronoi tiling of the data space with the tile centres being the elements of the point packing. The data items within each tile form the clusters. The evolutionary algorithm is an adaptation of one, based on the Conway crossover operator, that has been used to create error correcting codes over the Levenstein metric; the tile centres are a form of code, but over the Euclidean metric. The technique generalizes smoothly to other metric spaces and may be used on any type of data for which a distance metric can be devised. The data set used in this study captures information about codon usage bias in human genes. The clustering is validated by looking for GO term over- representation in the clusters, with significant results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".