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Record W2858496314 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v71i3.2584

Implementation of a Pharmacist-Led Inpatient Tobacco Cessation Intervention in a Rehabilitation Hospital: A Before-and-After Pilot Study

2018· article· en· W2858496314 on OpenAlexafffundvenueabout
Vivian W Li, Jie Min Lam, P Heise, Robert D. Reid, Kerri A. Mullen

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2018
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicSmoking Behavior and Cessation
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Ottawa
FundersUniversity of Ottawa
KeywordsMedicineSmoking cessationAbstinenceNicotine replacement therapyRehabilitationPharmacistPsychological interventionIntervention (counseling)Physical therapyEmergency medicineNicotine withdrawalFamily medicinePharmacyNursingPsychiatry

Abstract

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ABSTRACT Background: Inpatient rehabilitation presents a unique opportunity for smoking interventions, given the typical lengths of stay, the relevance of smoking to the admission diagnosis of many patients, and the occurrence of nicotine withdrawal during the hospital stay. Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing a pharmacist-led version of the Ottawa Model for Smoking Cessation (OMSC) program at a rehabilitation hospital, using the indicators of reach, effectiveness, adoption, and implementation. Methods: A before-and-after pilot study was conducted. Smoking cessation data were collected from 2 cohorts of eligible smokers identified during 4-month periods before (control) and after (intervention) implementation of the OMSC program. Control participants received usual care (i.e., no cessation intervention). Intervention participants received initial in-hospital smoking cessation support (counselling and nicotine replacement therapy), inpatient follow-up during the hospital stay, and 3 months of postdischarge follow-up calls, with all aspects led by hospital pharmacists. Results: Among all patients admitted to participating inpatient rehabilitation units during the 2 study periods, smoking prevalence was 7.8% (127/1626). After exclusions, deaths, and withdrawals, 111 patients were retained for analysis: 55 in the control group and 56 in the intervention group. The overall mean age of participants was 64.9 (standard deviation [SD] 14.3) years, with a mean smoking history of 35.0 (SD 24.8) pack-years. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of baseline characteristics. Self-reported abstinence rates (determined 3 months after discharge) were higher after compared with before implementation of the OMSC program: for continuous abstinence, 16/56 (28.6%) versus 9/55 (16.4%), _2 = 4.462, p = 0.035; for 7-day point prevalence abstinence, 21/56 (37.5%) versus 10/55 (18.2%), _2 = 6.807, p = 0.009. Conclusions: Implementation of the OMSC program at a large rehabilitation hospital was feasible and led to an increase in 3-month smoking abstinence. This study provides preliminary evidence to support inclusion of smoking interventions as part of inpatient rehabilitation care. RÉSUMÉ Contexte : La réadaptation des patients hospitalisés représente une occasion unique de procéder à des interventions de désaccoutumance du tabac, notamment en raison de la durée habituelle des séjours, du rapport entre le tabagisme et le diagnostic posé à l’admission, et de la survenue du syndrome de sevrage de la nicotine durant le séjour. Objectif : Étudier la possibilité de mettre en oeuvre une version dirigée par des pharmaciens du programme Modèle d’Ottawa pour l’abandon du tabac (MOAT) dans un centre de réadaptation en employant les indicateurs pour la portée, l’efficacité, l’adoption et la mise en oeuvre. Méthodes : Une étude pilote avant-après a été menée. Des données sur la désaccoutumance ont été recueillies auprès de deux cohortes de fumeurs admissibles qui ont été repérés pendant des périodes de quatre mois avant (groupe témoin) et après (groupe expérimental) la mise en oeuvre du programme du MOAT. Les participants du groupe témoin ont reçu les soins habituels (c.-à-d. sans intervention de désaccoutumance). Les participants du groupe expérimental ont reçu un soutien initial à l’hôpital pour la désaccoutumance du tabac (des conseils et un traitement de remplacement de la nicotine), un suivi pendant le séjour à l’hôpital, et des appels de suivi pendant les trois mois suivant le congé, le tout sous la direction de pharmaciens d’hôpitaux. Résultats : Parmi l’ensemble des patients admis dans les unités de réadaptation participantes au cours des deux périodes de l’étude, la prévalence du tabagisme était de 7,8 % (127/1626). Mis à part les exclusions, les décès et les abandons, 111 patients ont été retenus pour l’analyse : 55 dans le groupe témoin et 56 dans le groupe expérimental. L’âge moyen des participants était de 64,9 (écart-type de 14,3) ans et leur antécédent de tabagisme moyen était de 35,0 (écart-type de 24,8) paquets-années. Aucune différence significative n’a été relevée entre les groupes en ce qui touche aux caractéristiques de base. Les taux d’abstinence autodéclarée (déterminée 3 mois après le congé) étaient plus élevés après la mise en oeuvre du programme du MOAT : pour une abstinence continue, 16/56 (28,6 %) contre 9/55 (16,4 %), _2 = 4,462, p = 0,035; pour une abstinence ponctuelle de sept jours consécutifs, 21/56 (37,5 %) contre 10/55 (18,2 %), _2 = 6,807, p = 0,009. Conclusions : La mise en oeuvre du programme du MOAT dans un important centre de réadaptation a été possible et a mené à une amélioration de l’abstinence du tabac à trois mois. Cette étude donne des résultats préliminaires en appui à l’inclusion d’interventions de désaccoutumance du tabac aux soins de réadaptation de patients hospitalisés.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.011
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.011
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Non-randomized trial · Consensus signal: Non-randomized trial
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.021
Threshold uncertainty score0.059

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0110.011
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0020.002
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0020.002
Bibliometrics0.0010.001
Science and technology studies0.0030.002
Scholarly communication0.0020.002
Open science0.0020.002
Research integrity0.0020.003
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.001

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.024
GPT teacher head0.353
Teacher spread0.329 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designNon-randomized trial
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations13
Published2018
Admission routes4
Has abstractyes

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