Coextrusion of Multifunctional Smart Sensors
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three‐dimensional (3D) printing of a piezoelectric sensor conventionally involves a minimum of three steps: fabrication of the sensor structure, electrode deposition to collect the generated charges, and electrical poling. Here, the authors report a novel approach to fabricate a working piezoelectric sensor with its electrodes in a single step. The authors optimize the rheological characteristics of a piezoelectric nanocomposite ink, formulated and processed to work without the need for poling, and a metallic conductive paint for coextrusion. The authors then employ solvent evaporation‐assisted 3D printing to coextrude ready‐to‐use sensors. The process fabricates conformal sensors, 3D self‐supported cat whiskers with aspect ratios over 15, and filaments spanning over 2 cm. The authors present potential applications in the form of aero‐elastic sensors and smart active thread for wearable electronics. The authors print sensors directly on fused deposition modeling printed miniature wings to monitor aero‐elastic stability. In another application, the authors use the coextruded filament in the form of a piezoelectric thread for wearable sensors for knee‐joint and respiration monitoring. The self‐powered piezoelectric sensing elements are an attractive alternative for customized, multi‐material applications where each watt and each gram counts such as wearables, and micro‐drones. The process is adaptable to other multi‐material and multi‐component printing needs beyond piezoelectric materials.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it