Dynamic Deformation of Soft Particle in Dual-trap Optical Tweezers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The dual-trap optical tweezers is used for deforming and measuring the elasticity of soft particles suspended in aquatic buffer. In the experiment the trapped particle was the Red Blood Cell (RBC) swollen to a spherical form. The 3D radiation stress distribution was computed by ray tracing, the generalized Lorentz-Mie scattering theory with the Tmatrix and the FDTD via the Maxwell stress tensor. The 3D deformation of the cells was then computed with the elastic membrane theory. The calculated deformation can fit to experimental data resulting in cell’s elasticity coefficient. The static approach is valid only for small deformation (5-10%). For a large deformation such as that of the RBC, we consider re-distribution of the radiation stress on the morphologically deformed cell. This stress re-distribution in turn induces subsequent deformation of the deformed cell and new stress re-distribution. The recursive process continues until a final equilibrium state is achieved. This iterative computation was implemented with the finite element method using the COMSOL TM multi-physics models. The deformation results can fit to the experimental data for cell’s deformation up to 20%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".