Summary of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization’s Update on quadrivalent meningococcal vaccines available in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: . Use of a conjugate vaccine, either monovalent or quadrivalent, is recommended for a routine adolescent booster dose at around 12 years of age. OBJECTIVE: To review and update the evidence on the use of quadrivalent (serogroups A, C, Y and W-135) conjugate meningococcal vaccines and vaccination schedules used in Canada following the approval of a new quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine conjugated to the tetanus toxoid (Men-C-ACYW-TT, Nimenrix™). METHODS: NACI reviewed the knowledge synthesis performed by the Meningococcal Working Group, including information on the IMD burden of disease; safety, immunogenicity, efficacy and effectiveness of the new vaccine; currently used vaccine schedules; and other aspects of the overall immunization strategy. Following the review of evidence, NACI voted on specific recommendations. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies were reviewed for immunogenicity and 12 studies for safety data relating to Men-C-ACYW-TT. Information from two additional studies assessing immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine conjugated to the diphtheria toxoid (Men-C-ACYW-DT, Menactra®) in children 9 and 12 months of age was also reviewed. A good immune response and an acceptable safety profile when compared to the monovalent conjugate meningococcal vaccines (Men-C-C) were demonstrated by both vaccines in all the reviewed studies. For children less than 2 years of age, NACI continues to recommend the use of Men-C-ACYW-CRM (Menveo™) vaccine. CONCLUSION: in the near future. The top surveillance and research priorities are: determining the coverage and impact of immunization (including carriage and herd immunity) on IMD in Canada; determining the duration of protection/immunity to allow the assessment of recommendations for booster doses of conjugate quadrivalent vaccines; comparative studies of the three available quadrivalent conjugate vaccines in the general population and high-risk groups; and the immunogenicity and safety of co-administration of quadrivalent vaccines with routine age appropriate vaccines, including the newly authorized meningococcal B vaccine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.017 | 0.033 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.012 | 0.017 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".