Enforced expression of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase homolog (PIPKH) alters phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate distribution and the localization of small G-proteins
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The generation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P 2 ) by phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5Ks) is essential for many of the functions including the control of cytoskeleton, signal transduction and endocytosis. Additionally, due to its presence in the plasma membrane and its anionic charge PtdIns(4,5)P 2 , together with phosphatidylserine, imbue the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane with a negative surface charge. This negative charge helps to define the identity of the plasma membrane as serves to recruit or regulate a multitude of proteins that contain polybasic domains or patches. Here we determine that the phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase homolog (PIPKH) alters the subcellular distribution of PtdIns(4,5)P 2 by re-localizing the PIP5Ks to endomembranes. Consistently, we find a redistribution of the PIP5K family members to endomembrane structures upon PIPKH overexpression that is accompanied by an accumulation of PtdIns(4,5)P 2 and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P 3 ), which further influences the distribution of endosomes and lysosomes. Additionally, we demonstrate that the accumulation of polyphosphoinositides increases their negative surface charge that in turn leads to the relocalization of surface charge probes as well as the polycationic proteins K-Ras and Rac1.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".