Low-resistance silver microparticle-HEMA-PEGDA composites for humidity sensing
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We present a printable smart material that undergoes a large and reversible change in resistance in response to changes in relative humidity (RH). This material is a conductive polymer composite (CPC), comprised of commercial silver (Ag) microparticles that provides high conductivity to the films, and of a hygroscopic polymer matrix (polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-polyethylene(glycol)diacrylate (HEMA-co-PEGDA)) that responds to humidity by undergoing an increase in volume (through swelling). We characterized the electrical resistivity and swelling behavior of the CPCs, formed sensors comprised of either thin films or patterned lines, and investigated how RH affects the electrical resistivity of the composite films for different compositions and geometries. To characterize the material responsive behavior, a data acquisition system was used to measure changes in resistance while the RH was controlled in a humidity chamber. When the humidity was increased from 25% to 95% RH, the resistance of the films increased up to 650%. Composites with a higher fraction of HEMA in the matrix were found to have both lower recovery times and less hysteresis than composites in which the matrix was pure PEGDA. Such materials can form the basis of inexpensive, printable humidity sensors.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".