Measles surveillance in Canada: Trends for 2013
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this report is to describe measles activity in Canada during 2013, in order to support the documentation and maintenance of measles elimination status. METHODS: A descriptive analysis of measles counts and incidence by age group, immunization history, hospitalization and province/territory, as well as a summary of 2013 outbreaks, was conducted using enhanced measles data captured through the Canadian Measles and Rubella Surveillance System. Genotype information and phylogenetic analysis for 2013 were summarized. RESULTS: In 2013, 83 confirmed measles cases were reported in seven provinces/territories for an incidence rate of 2.4 per 1,000,000 population. Incidence was highest in the youngest age groups (< 1 year, 1 to 4 years). Burden of disease was highest in the youngest age groups and children 10 to 14 years. Three-quarters of cases had been inadequately immunized, and 10% were hospitalized. There were nine measles outbreaks reported in 2013, one of which consisted of 42 cases in a non-immunizing community in Alberta. DISCUSSION: 2013 saw the fifth highest number of reported measles cases since 1998. While we continue to face challenges related to importation and heterogeneous immunization coverage, in 2013 Canada met or partially met all four criteria outlined by the Pan American Health Organization for measles elimination.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".