Bibliographic record
Abstract
Refractory-grade bauxite production is estimated to be around 2m tpa. Guyana and China are the top producers of calcined bauxite for refractories. According to the USGS, Guyana produced around 1.6m tonnes bauxite, which includes refractory grade bauxite, in 2014. In 2012, global reported bauxite production peaked at 2.2m tonnes. Exports in 2012 totalled more than 610,000 tonnes at an average value of $308/tonne FOB China. By the end of 2013, exports increased to nearly 770,000 tonnes, but the average value fell to $261/tonne, she adds. This trend continued into 2014, when exports surged again to nearly 870,000 tonnes, but values inched down slightly to $252/tonne. From January to August 2015, exports remained stable compared to the same period in 2014 at 560,000 tonnes, but average values have again slipped to $232/tonne. Alan Roughead, CEO of Canada-based First Bauxite, concurs with [Gary Kolstad]. Demand for sintered bauxite proppants is extremely weak following the decline
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".