The Sycamore Maple Bacterial Culture Collection From a TNT Polluted Site Shows Novel Plant-Growth Promoting and Explosives Degrading Bacteria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Military activities have worldwide introduced toxic explosives into the environment with considerable effects on soil and plant-associated microbiota. Fortunately, these microorganisms, and their collective metabolic activities, can be harnessed for site restoration via in situ phytoremediation. We characterised the bacterial communities inhabiting the bulk soil and rhizosphere of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) in two chronically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) polluted soils. Three hundred strains were isolated, purified and characterised, a majority of which showed multiple plant growth promoting (PGP) traits. Several isolates showed high nitroreductase enzyme activity and concurrent TNT-transformation. A 12-member bacterial consortium, comprising selected TNT-detoxifying and rhizobacterial strains, significantly enhanced TNT removal from soil compared to non-inoculated plants, increased root and shoot weight, and the plants showed enhanced ability to withstand TNT as estimated by the responses of antioxidative enzymes. The SYCAM culture collection is a significant resource of plant-associated strains with multiple PGP and catalytic properties, available for further genetic and phenotypic discovery and use in field applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".