Teriparatide Treatment Increases Mineral Content and Volume in Cortical and Trabecular Bone of Iliac Crest: A Comparison of Infrared Imaging With X-Ray–Based Bone Assessment Techniques
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Teriparatide increases bone mass primarily through remodeling of older or damaged bone and abundant replacement with new mineralizing bone. This post hoc analysis investigated whether dual-energy X-ray absorptiometric (DXA) areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measurement adequately reflects changes of mineral and organic matrix content in cortical and trabecular bone. Paired biopsies and aBMD measurements were obtained before and at end of 2 years of teriparatide treatment from postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who were either alendronate pretreated (mean, 57.5 months) or osteoporosis-treatment naive. Biopsies were assessed by micro–computed tomography (μCT) to calculate mean cortical width (Ct.Wi), cortical area (Ct.Ar), and trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV). Fourier transformed infrared imaging (pixel size ∼6.3 × 6.3 μm2) was utilized to calculate mineral and organic matrix density (mean absorption/pixel), as well as total mineral and organic contents of cortical and cancellous compartments (sum of all pixels in the compartment). Effect of pretreatment over time was analyzed using mixed model repeated measures. μCT derived Ct.Wi and BV/TV increased, accompanied by similar increases in the overall mineral contents of their respective bone compartments. Mineral density did not change. Marked increases in the total content of both mineral and organic matrix associated with volumetric growth in both compartments consistently exceeded those of aBMD. Increases in organic matrix exceeded increases in mineral content in both cortical and trabecular compartments. For percent changes, only change in Ct.Wi correlated to change in femoral neck aBMD (r = .38, p = 0.043), whereas no other significant correlations of Ct.Wi or BV/TV with lumbar spine, total hip, or femoral neck aBMD were demonstrable. These data indicate that 2 years of teriparatide treatment leads to an increased bone organic matrix and mineral content in the iliac crest. The magnitude of these increases in the iliac crest were not detected with conventional aBMD measurements at other skeletal sites. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".