A 5-bit, 0.25 dB Step Variable Attenuator at E-Band
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A variable attenuator operating over 71 GHz to 76 GHz is presented. The circuit design, based on a differential Π attenuator, allows for precise control over the attenuation due to a feedback control circuit. When manufactured using the CMOS portion of a 55 nm BiCMOS technology, the attenuator demonstrated the ability to obtain approximately 0.25 dB attenuation steps with an RMS phase error of 0.9° using a 5-bit digital control signal. The total DC power consumption of the attenuator (including control circuitry) is 1 mW and the circuit occupies 410 μm×130 urn of chip area (1080 μm×600 μm in-cludina test baluns and pads).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it