Water Stress Affect Germination, Seed Vigor and Seedlings Growth of Bidens subalternans
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The beggartick (Bidens subalternans L.) is one of the main weeds present in agricultural crops, capable of adapting to different environmental conditions. The water stress caused by water deficiency can affect the germination of weed seeds and, consequently, their capacity to colonize the agroecosystem. Knowledge of germination under water stress can be important to obtain an adequate management of the species in the agricultural systems. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of water stress on the germination process and vigor of two batches of Bidens subalternans seeds under different osmotic agents. It was completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replicates of 25 seeds. The treatments were arranged in factorial 6 × 2, with the first factor corresponding six levels of osmotic potentials (0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8 and -1.0 MPa) and the second the batches (Pernambuco and Ceará). For the simulation of the water stress, the test of germination was installed in substrate paper blotting, moistened with solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and mannitol. The analyzed variables were germination, germination speed index, length and seedling dry mass. Water stress reduced germination, seed vigor and growth of seedlings in all batches of B. subalternans. Seeds of B. subalternans presented greater tolerance to stress induced by mannitol than to PEG-6000 in terms of germination and germination speed index. Regardless of the osmotic agent used for stress induction, B. subalternans seeds did not tolerate water stress higher than -0.4 MPa.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".