Toward complete spectroscopy using <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mi>β</mml:mi></mml:math> decay: The example of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Cl</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>32</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>β</mml:mi><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>32</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:mrow></mml:math>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: $^{32}\mathrm{Cl}$ is a neutron-deficient isotope with a $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay half-life of 298 ms and a spin and parity of ${J}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}={1}^{+}$. Previous measurements of $^{32}\mathrm{Cl} \ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays have yielded a $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay scheme with twelve $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay transitions, contributing to studies of nuclear structure and fundamental symmetries. Those experiments have been limited to the observation of $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ states with ${J}^{\ensuremath{\pi}}={0}^{+},{1}^{+},{2}^{+}$.Purpose: Our goal is to search for new $\ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays and $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay transitions of $^{32}\mathrm{Cl}$ to $^{32}\mathrm{S}$.Methods: A measurement of $^{32}\mathrm{Cl} \ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decay has been performed using the Clovershare array of high-purity germanium detectors at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory.Results: By acquiring the highest-statistics $^{32}\mathrm{Cl} \ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray spectrum to date and exploiting a new sensitivity to $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\gamma}$ coincidences, this experiment has enabled the observation of nine previously unobserved $\ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray transitions, leading to the inference of five $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay transitions never before observed in $^{32}\mathrm{Cl} \ensuremath{\beta}$-delayed $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ decay. The set of observed states includes negative-parity states for the first time. By combining the new information with data from previous work, the lifetimes and partial widths of the 8861- and 9650-keV states of $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ have been determined. In addition, the $^{31}\mathrm{P}(p,\ensuremath{\alpha})\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{28}\mathrm{Si}$ resonance strength of the 9650-keV state has been limited to $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\gamma}<9.8$ meV, which is an improvement over direct measurements.Conclusion: An enhanced decay scheme has been constructed. Most of the excited bound $^{32}\mathrm{S}$ states that would correspond to allowed and first-forbidden $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay transitions have been observed, demonstrating the potential of $\ensuremath{\beta}$-decay experiments to approach complete spectroscopy measurements at the next generation of radioactive beam facilities. The observed positive-parity levels are well matched by $sd$ shell-model calculations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.011 | 0.012 |
| Research integrity | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.124 | 0.011 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".