Vitamin D Status and Markers of Cardiometabolic and Liver Disease Risk in Childhood Obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in children (up to 40%), particularly in northern climates such as Alberta, due to reduced sunlight exposure and low intake. Although suboptimal vitamin D status and metabolic dysregulation are commonly observed in obesity, little is known about the interrelationships between vitamin D and body composition and the prevalence of co-morbid conditions (mental health disorders, cardiometabolic and liver dysfunction) in pediatric obesity. Two studies will be described. The first study is a retrospective chart review (n=217) of obese children attending the Pediatric Centre for Weight and Health (PCWH) at the Misericordia Hospital in Edmonton, Alberta. The second study focuses on two clinical populations of pediatric obesity: children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). Study findings indicate that rates of vitamin D insufficiency in obese children in Alberta (30-50%) are similar to levels in the general population, indicating that vitamin D status in children is independent of total body adiposity or the presence of co-morbid conditions such as mental health disorders. Children with PWS showed significantly lower muscle strength/muscle function compared to obese children with NAFLD or lean healthy children, and this was independent of overall vitamin D status. However, vitamin D insufficiency was related to an increased prevalence of hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and elevated systolic blood pressure in overweight and obese children, with/without the presence of other co-morbid conditions such as NAFLD or PWS. This has significant potential health policy implications in terms of the prevention and treatment of co-morbid conditions in childhood obesity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".