A New Genus, Ectemnoides, for Seven Species of Australian Gondwanan Simuliidae (Diptera) With Description of a Novel Form of Larval Attachment
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A segregate of Australian simuliids of Gondwanan provenance with unusual attributes is assigned to a new genus—Ectemnoides. Only one species was originally known, that from females of the eastern Australian (Victoria) Paracnephia umbratorum (Tonnoir) and its presumed larvae, which we fully confirm here. Three previously unknown related species, Ectemnoides acanthocranius n. sp., Ect. faecofilus n. sp. and Ect. uvulatus n. sp. from Western Australia are described. These four species have numbers of unusual synapomorphies. Of note is the habit of larvae of Ect. umbratorum and Ect. faecofilus to attach to the ends of constructed threads apparently composed of larval fecal pellets and other material, enclosed within a salivary silk matrix. The four species all have short spine-like setae on the larval head capsule and their body physiognomy is unusual, with head large in relation to a tubular body, with that being semitransparent when alive. Three other Western Australia simuliids, Ect. absitus n. sp., Ect. princeae n. sp. and Ect. sp. A., possess more typical attributes. Known larvae of the first two of these simuliids lack the marked head setae; however, in common with Ect. acanthocranius of the previous segregate, larvae of the three taxa lack the anal sclerite and have markedly low numbers of hooks comprising the posterior circlet. Details are given for distribution and, where known, bionomics. Trichomycetes are recorded for the second time from simuliids in Western Australia, from Ect. sp. A. Brief character analysis is provided, as are comments regarding historical biogeography.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".