Single-Input Single-Output Digital Predistortion of Power Amplifier Arrays in Millimeter Wave RF Beamforming Transmitters
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, a theoretical basis for a single-input-single-output (SISO) digital predistorter (DPD) for use in large-scale millimeter-wave (mm-wave) analog/RF beamforming antenna arrays is proposed. The proposed DPD is then validated in measurement by linearizing a 64-element array driven by a 320 MHz wide digitally modulated signal centered at 28 GHz. Measurement results using a block-wise SISO DPD, which uses three sets of SISO DPD model coefficients from training at three different steering angles, achieved a reduction of ACPR to -50 dBc and NMSE to 2.5% across the 120° steering range of the antenna array.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it