Maternal Anxiety During Pregnancy and the Association With Adverse Perinatal Outcomes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between maternal antenatal anxiety (AA) and a range of perinatal outcomes. DATA SOURCES: Ovid MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to May 31, 2016, using controlled vocabulary and keywords (eg, prenatal, anxiety, preterm). STUDY SELECTION: Perinatal outcomes of women with and without AA (diagnosed or self-reported using validated scale) derived from English language, prospectively collected data were included. 1,458 abstracts were reviewed, 306 articles were retrieved, and 29 articles were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed quality. Random-effects models were utilized for outcomes (≥ 3 studies). Subanalyses examined potential effect moderators including study quality and diagnostic versus self-reported anxiety among others. RESULTS: Antenatal anxiety was associated with increased odds for preterm birth (pooled odds ratio [OR] = 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39 to 1.70, 16 studies) and spontaneous preterm birth (OR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.75), lower mean birth weight (mean difference = -55.96 g; 95% CI, -93.62 to -18.31 g), increased odds for low birth weight (OR = 1.80; 95% CI, 1.48 to 2.18), earlier gestational age (mean difference = -0.13 wk; 95% CI, -0.22 to -0.04 wk), increased odds for being small for gestational age (OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.74), and smaller head circumference (mean difference = -0.25 cm; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.06 cm). Heterogeneity between studies was not significant for most outcomes. Subanalyses for birth weight found women with diagnosed anxiety had infants with significantly lower birth weight (P < .03) compared to those identified with rating scales (although both subanalyses were significant [P < .01]). Associations between anxiety and preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, and Apgar scores were nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS: Antenatal anxiety is associated with multiple adverse perinatal outcomes and is not benign. The impact of treating anxiety on these associations is unknown.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it