Bacillus licheniformis CK1 alleviates the toxic effects of zearalenone in feed on weaned female Tibetan piglets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA) is widely present in feedstuffs and raw materials, causing reproductive disorders in animals. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis CK1 was used to detoxify ZEA in feed for alleviating its effect in Tibetan piglets. A total of 18 weaned female Tibetan piglets were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (Control, ZEA-free basal diet); treatment group 1 (T1, ZEA-contaminated diet); and treatment group 2 (T2, ZEA-contaminated but pre-fermented by CK1 diet). There were no significant differences of average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed efficiency (FE) among the 3 groups (P > 0.05). The T1 treatment significantly increased the vulva size and relative weight of the reproductive organ (P < 0.05), compared with the Control. However, the T2 treatment caused a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in vulva size and relative weight of the reproductive organ compared with the T1 group. The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), progesterone (P), and estradiol (E2) in the T1 group were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those in the Control, while the levels of LH, P, and E2 in the T2 group were significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those in the T1 group. Zearalenone significantly increased (P < 0.05) the expression of estrogen receptor α in uterus and ovary and estrogen receptor β in vagina, while these indicators were not significant different (P > 0.05) between the T2 group and the Control group. In comparison with the Control group, ZEA significantly increased (P < 0.05) expression of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters: ABCB1 and ABCb4 in the vagina, ABCA1 and ABCb4 in the uterus, and ABCB1, ABCb4, ABCD3, and ABCG2 in the ovary, while these transporters in the T2 group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with the T1 group. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that B. licheniformis CK1 could alleviate the harmful effect of ZEA in Tibetan piglets.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".