A Novel Unscented Transformation-Based Framework for Distribution Network Expansion Planning Considering Smart EV Parking Lots
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Public parking lots equipped with electric vehicle (EV) charging facilities place huge power demands on distribution networks. These huge demands, if not carefully considered at the planning stage, can create several operational problems. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel distribution network expansion planning framework, which gives full consideration to the charging power demands of large EV parking lots. This framework provides several alternatives for construction/reinforcement of feeders and substations, while taking all the necessary constraints into account. Furthermore, the unscented transformation (UT) method is employed to model the uncertainties of load demands and EV parking lot demands. The ability of the UT method to accurately model correlated uncertain parameters makes it highly applicable in the context of distribution network expansion planning, where considerable correlated uncertainties exist. The proposed UT-based framework is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problem, which can be solved using off-the-shelf mathematical programming solvers that guarantee convergence to the global optimal solution. A 24-node distribution system is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".