Synthesis and Investigation of 2,3,5,6‐Tetra‐(1<i>H</i>‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)pyrazine Based Energetic Materials
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The structures and properties of several energetic compounds based on a high‐nitrogen‐content anion, namely 2,3,5,6‐tetra(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)pyrazine (H4TTP) are reported here for the first time. These energetic salts were synthesized by reacting H4TTP with various alkali metal hydroxides (sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium) and N‐based (ammonia, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, guanidine carbonate, aminoguanidine bicarbonate). The resulting materials were comprehensively characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C) NMR spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, DSC, as well as low‐temperature single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Heats of formation for the metal‐free species as well as detonation parameters were calculated. The presented energetic materials (EMs) show high thermal stability (207 °C≤Tdec≤300 °C), while the metal‐free ionic derivatives exhibit desirable properties such as detonation velocity (6873 m s−1≤VC‐J≤8364 m s−1), detonation pressure (14.3 GPa≤pC‐J≤24.9 GPa), and specific impulse (141.4≤Isp≤192.5 s).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".