Political Implications of the Provision of Supplies in Occupied France
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The problem of supplies is central to any discussion on material difficulties in France during Occupation, it goes without saying that question of how supplies and rationing were maintained is a central one. However, questions linked to issue of supplies seem most often to focus merely on daily life of citizens whereas, in reality, they were a key political issue during Occupation. Thus, although initially supply system embodied promise of a more equitable distribution of resources, Vichy’s failure to deliver on this (shortage of rations, rise of black market) considerably weakened regime itself. From beginning of 1941, crisis in provision of supplies became one of most decisive factors in detachment of public opinion from regime. Aware that this question was of critical importance, Vichy tried to win the supplies battle by mobilizing substantial resources and by significantly reorganizing system put in place during 1940 autumn. However, return of Pierre Laval to power and his wish to satisfy Germans’ supply needs –?which increased substantially from summer 1942–? led to a definitive failure of supplies system which increasingly appeared in eyes of public opinion to be an instrument at service of occupying forces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".