Bibliographic record
Abstract
It is more than sixty years since Supreme Court of Canada Justice Ivan Rand was appointed as sole arbitrator to bring an end to the ninety-nine day Ford Windsor strike in 1945-46. 1 The interests of thousands of workers, including many returning from the war, and of companies intent on returning to the pre-war era of greater control over workers collided on the picket lines.At its height, 19,000 workers were on strike, the streets of Windsor were blockaded with cars, and hundreds of R.C.M.P. officers were called into the area. 2 A key demand was "union security," 3 including requirements that all workers be union members and that Ford deduct union dues from workers' paycheques ("dues check-off").The company bitterly opposed both mandatory union
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.013 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.026 | 0.036 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.024 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.013 | 0.016 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".