<i>Camellia oleifera</i> seed extract attenuated abdominal and hepatic fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the hot-water extract of defatted Camellia oleifera seeds (CSE) on body and liver fat accumulation in rats. Forty rats were divided into 5 groups and each group was fed either an isocaloric control diet or a high-fat liquid diet with 0% (H), 0.12% (H1), 0.24% (H2), or 0.48% CSE (H3) for 8 weeks. Ingestion of the high-fat liquid diet increased abdominal and liver fat accumulation, although no difference was found in body weights compared with rats fed the control diet. We found that rats fed the H2 and H3 diets had lower plasma alanine aminotransferase activities than the H group in the fourth and eighth weeks. At the end of the study, the H2 and H3 groups also had lower epididymal and retroperitoneal fat masses, and all CSE groups had lower circulatory leptin levels than the H group. CSE consumption decreased hepatic fat accumulation in terms of liver triglycerides and a histopathology analysis, and ameliorated high-fat diet-induced elevation of hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α levels. We also found that CSE groups had lower malondialdehyde and hydroxyproline levels in the liver. Our results suggested that CSE may exert beneficial effects through decreasing body fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis and regulating adipokine levels in diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".