Dynamical analysis for a hepatitis B transmission model with immigration and infection age
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is responsible for an estimated 378 million infections worldwide and 620, 000 deaths annually. Safe and effective vaccination programs have been available for decades, but coverage is limited due to economic and social factors. We investigate the effect of immigration and infection age on HBV transmission dynamics, incorporating age-dependent immigration flow and vertical transmission. The mathematical model can be used to describe HBV transmission in highly endemic regions with vertical transmission and migration of infected HBV individuals. Due to the effects of immigration, there is no disease-free equilibrium or reproduction number. We show that the unique endemic equilibrium exists only when immigration into the infective class is measurable. The smoothness and attractiveness of the solution semiflow are analyzed, and boundedness and uniform persistence are determined. Global stability of the unique endemic equilibrium is shown by a Lyapunov functional for a special case.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".