Probing the intrinsic and extrinsic origins of piezoelectricity in lead zirconate titanate single crystals
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The physical origin of the piezoelectric effect has been the focus of much research work. While it is commonly accepted that the origins of piezoelectricity may be intrinsic (related to the change of lattice parameters) and extrinsic (related to the movement of domain walls), their separation is often a challenging experimental task. Here in situ high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction has been combined with a new data analysis technique to characterize the change of the lattice parameters and domain microstructure of a PbZr 1− x Ti x O 3 ( x = 0.45) crystal under an external electric field. It is shown how `effective piezoelectric coefficients' evolve upon the transition from purely `intrinsic' effects to `extrinsic' ones due to domain-wall motion. This technique and corresponding data analysis can be applied to broader classes of materials and provide important insights into the microscopic origin of their physical properties.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it