Introduction of a 1000 MPa crush tip within a Usibor® 1500-AS axial crush rail using in-die heated hot stamping
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Axial crush is an important mechanism used in automotive front end structures to absorb impact energy. In this work, numerical simulation is used to investigate the crush response of a Usibor® 1500-AS axial crush rail with tailored properties achieved using in-die heated (IDH) hot stamping. In this case, the targeted properties in the softened zone correspond to a tensile strength of 1000 MPa. A finite element model is utilized to predict the crash performance of the tailored in-die heated 1000 MPa crush tip within a Usibor® 1500-AS rail. A numerical parametric study is presented, comparing the crush response based on fracture loci determined using two different plane-strain strain experiments, one the plane-strain Nakazima dome test and the other the VDA-238 V-bending test. In addition a number of different mesh regularization treatments are considered. The predictions exhibit a strong dependency of the onset of fracture upon the plane strain fracture strain level and degree of mesh regularization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".