Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aethiniosis is a disease of honeybee colonies caused by small hive beetle (Aethina tumida). Small hive beetle is a pest in honeybee colonies. It is autochtonous to South Africa, but in that area it doesn't cause significant damage to bee colonies because they exhibit defensive behaviour and strategy of defense from the pest. Small hive beetle is an invasive species of beetle that has spread all over the world, mainly because of the trade of bee colonies. Natural invasion of small hive beetle is present in Canada, North America, Asia, Australia and Europe, where it causes significant economic damage in beekeeping. Invasions of small hive beetle cause more problems in geographical areas with high air temperature and high soil humidity. In favourable conditions that beetle lays eggs, destroys the comb, feeds on the brood, honey and pollen, and by excreting faeces into the honey causes it to ferment and spoil. If the invasion of small hive beetle is strong and uncontrolled, it can cause the hive to collapse or the bees to abscond. The aim of this review was to present the knowledge of biology of the small hive beetle, it's geographical expansion, the damage it can cause while invading the honeybee colonies, and the measures used to control aethiniosos, its prevention and eradication.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".