PA 05-5-1993 A school-based program to reduce injuries through neuromuscular training: isprint a cluster-randomized controlled trial
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<h3>Background</h3> Sport-specific neuromuscular training (NMT) warm-up programs have been shown to be effective in reducing injuries in youth sport but the effectiveness in school physical education (PE) is unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effectiveness of iSPRINT, a NMT warm-up program implemented in junior high school (ages 11–15) PE classes in reducing sport and recreational (S and R) injury risk. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a<b> c</b>luster-randomized controlled trial. Participants were 1067 grade 7–9 students (53.7% female, 46.3% male) from 12 Calgary, Canada schools. iSPRINT is a 15 min NMT warm-up including aerobic, agility, strength, and balance exercises. Teachers in intervention schools (n=6) implemented the iSPRINT 12 week warm-up program in PE classes, while control schools (n=6) implemented a standard-of-practice warm-up. All teachers participated in a training workshop; only intervention school teachers participated in practical NMT components, receiving NMT video. An athletic therapist blinded to study group allocation, visited schools on a weekly basis to assess S and R injuries over 12 weeks. Injuries were those that resulted in the inability to complete a session, time loss and/or medical attention. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated based on multivariable Poisson regression analyses (adjusting for sex, clustering by class, offset by S and R participation hours). <h3>Findings</h3> The S and R injury incidence rates (IR) for all injury for the intervention and control groups respectively were1.5 and 1.8 injuries/1000 participation hours (IRR=0.73, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.16), for medical attention injuries were 0.7 and 1.3 (IRR=0.59, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.82), and 0.9 and 1.3 for lower extremity injuries (IRR=0.81, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.19). The injury incidence rate was significantly higher in females compared to males (IRR=1.59, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.22). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The iSPRINT NMT warm-up was effective in preventing medically treated S and R injuries in junior high school students. Further analysis will consider program adherence. <h3>Policy implications</h3> This research will inform safety policy considerations in junior high school PE programs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it