Separate Effects of Exercise Amount and Intensity on Adipose Tissue and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Adults with Abdominal Obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To determine the effects of exercise amount (kilocalories per session) and intensity (percent of maximal oxygen consumption [% VO 2 peak]) on adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle (SM) in adults with abdominal obesity. Methods Participants ( n = 103; 52.7 ± 7.6 years) were randomized to the following groups: control; low‐amount, low‐intensity exercise (180 kcal/session [women] and 300 kcal/session [men] at 50% VO 2 peak); high‐amount, low‐intensity exercise (HALI; 360 kcal/session [women] and 600 kcal/session [men] at 50% VO 2 peak); or high‐amount, high‐intensity exercise (HAHI; 360 kcal/session [women] and 600 kcal/session [men] at 75% VO 2 peak) for 24 weeks. Activities of daily living were measured by accelerometry. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure tissue mass. Results Reduction in all AT depots was greater in the exercise groups compared with control ( P < 0.002); however, there were no differences between exercise groups ( P > 0.05). Visceral and abdominal subcutaneous AT reduction was uniform across the abdomen. Total SM mass did not change with exercise compared with control ( P = 0.32). However, while lower‐body SM mass was maintained ( P = 0.32), upper‐body SM mass in the high‐amount, high‐intensity and the high‐amount, low‐intensity groups was reduced compared with controls ( P < 0.008). Conclusions In adults with abdominal obesity, substantial reductions in total, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral AT with a preservation of total SM mass were observed independent of exercise amount or intensity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".