FEMALE ATHLETE TRIAD - PROBABLE BUT DIFFICULT TO CONFIRM IN FEMALE ICE HOCKEY PLAYERS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Female hockey players have high energy expenditure and may enter a negative energy balance (EB) without noticeable body composition changes. Menstrual cycle (MC) and luteal phase (LP) length, EB, and bone mineral density (BMD) were tracked over nine months (mean, SD, ±) in 12 ice hockey players (HP; age 21.1 ± 3.4 yrs; height (HT) 165.9 ± 4.6 cm; weight (WT) 64.7± 8.1 kg, body fat percent (BF%) 22.8 ± 3.8%) and 12 non-athlete controls (C; age 21.4 ± 2.8 yrs., HT 169.5 ± 5.5 cm; WT 65.4 ± 5.4 kg; BF% 20.0 ± 3.1%). HP MC (35.8 ± 11.2 days) was longer than C (29.8 ± 4.3 days) and HP LP (10.1 ± 2.1 days) was also longer than C (9.6 ± 2.8 days). Anovulation occurred in 50.0 % of HP versus 39.2 % of C. No group BMD differences were observed in lumbar spine (p = 0.9), hip (p = 0.5), and radial (p = 0.7) sites. A negative EB was identified (HP = -1026.52 ± 450.1; C = -780.00 ± 310.19 kcal / day), yet no significant within-group differences in WT (HP p = 0.7; C p = 0.8), BF % (HP p = 0.97; C p = 0.6), or fat free mass (HP p = 0.6; C p = 0.98) were found over the study duration. Rigorous hockey schedule likely contributed to 28 % completion of the Basal Body Temperature and MC recordings in HP compared to 70 % in C. Both groups entered a state of negative EB, but did not exhibit a BF % change associated with the Female Athlete Triad.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".