Altered Functional Connectivity Observed at Rest in Children and Adolescents Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Studies of brain structure in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have shown the global and focal effects that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has on the brain, suggesting but not measuring altered function in FASD. This study aimed to (1) identify resting-state functional networks in children and adolescents with FASD, (2) investigate functional connectivity differences compared with healthy controls, and (3) assess the links to cognitive deficits. Participants included 66 children/adolescents with FASD (aged 5.5-18.9 years) and 67 healthy controls (aged 5.8-18.5 years) scanned across four sites as part of the NeuroDevNet study. Six core functional networks with 27 regions of interest (ROIs) were examined using seed-based and ROI-to-ROI analyses. Average seed-based connectivity maps showed significant spatial overlap of positively correlated regions for all six core networks between FASD and controls, but there was less overlap for negatively correlated regions. ROI-to-ROI matrices demonstrated lower internetwork connectivity between regions primarily associated with the salience network (anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral insula), frontal-parietal network (bilateral posterior parietal cortex), and language network (right posterior superior temporal gyrus). Post hoc correlations of the FASD participants without medication revealed a relationship between functional connectivity and performance on two cognitive tests associated with mathematics ability and attention. Even though participants with PAE exhibit very similar intranetwork functional connectivity patterns as controls, their lower internetwork functional connectivity suggests underlying deficits in the functional network brain architecture that may be related to cognitive impairment.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it