Performance analysis of a photovoltaic/wind/diesel hybrid power generation system for domestic utilization in winnipeg, manitoba, canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The development and modeling is reported of a photovoltaic (PV)/wind/diesel hybrid power generation system for a household in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. For optimizing and determining the feasibility of the system, Homer simulation software is utilized. Various system configurations are investigated and comparisons are made using an optimization approach. For the Winnipeg location, the annual mean and the peak loads are 16 kWh/d and 1.9 kW, respectively. It is found that the hybrid system comprising 1 kW PV arrays, a 2 kW diesel generator, five batteries and a 2 kW converter with a total net present cost of $33,110 and a cost of energy of 0.444 $/kWh has the optimal configuration. The results obtained with Homer software demonstrate that a hybrid wind/PV/diesel/battery power generation system has the lowest cost and the highest efficiency of the systems considered. The system helps reduce emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38: 548–562, 2019
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".