Bias Reduced Peaks over Threshold Tail Estimation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bias reduction in tail estimation has mainly been performed in case of Pareto-type models; see for instance Drees (1996), Peng (1998), Feuerverger and Hall (1999), Beirlant et al. (1999, 2002), Gomes and Martins (2002) and Caeiro et al. (2005, 2009). In that context, Beirlant et al. (2009) and Papastathopoulos and Tawn (2013) constructed distributional models that are based on second order rates of convergence for distributions of peaks over thresholds (POT). Such approach also allows to connect the tail and the bulk of the distribution. Bias reduction for all max-domains of attractions, i.e. without restricting to the Pareto-type case, received much less attention up to now. Here we extend the second-order refined POT approach started in Beirlant et al. (2009) providing a bias reduction technique for the classical generalized Pareto (GP) approximation for POTs. We consider parametric and nonparametric modelling of the second order component.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".