Chikungunya in Brazil: Rheumatologists on the Front Line
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an enveloped, spherical single-stranded RNA virus about 60–70 nm in diameter, belonging to the alphavirus genus and family Togaviridae. CHIKV is transmitted by Aedes species mosquito vectors and causes an acute disabling illness characterized by high fever and severe arthralgia called chikungunya fever (CHIKF)1,2. The word chikungunya means “the one which bends up” in the Makonde dialect of Tanzania; it refers to severe joint pain characteristic of acute disease2. CHIKV was isolated in Tanzania in 1952 during a dengue-like outbreak1,2,3. Since then, CHIKV has caused outbreaks in Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean region, and Europe, with severe medical and economic effects1. In December 2013, CHIKV was reported in the Americas on the island of Saint Martin. Since then, more than 2.9 million cases have been reported in 45 countries in North, Central, and South America3. The history of CHIKF in the Americas is probably at least 200 years old4. For centuries, CHIKV existed in forested regions of eastern Africa in an … Address correspondence to Dr. R. Schoen, 60 Temple St., Suite 6A, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA. E-mail: robert.schoen{at}yale.ed
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".