Reconfigurable Integrated Stability Control for Four- and Three-wheeled Urban Vehicles With Flexible Combinations of Actuation Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Small electric vehicles, also known as urban vehicles, have been introduced to alleviate traffic congestion, energy consumption, and pollution due to their smaller sizes, higher maneuverability, and lower fuel consumption. The main objective of this study is to develop a unified control structure that can be reconfigured for stability control of different configurations of urban vehicles with flexible combinations of control actuation. The reconfigurable controller can be readily adjusted for Tadpole and Delta three-wheeled vehicles as well as four-wheeled vehicles without reformulating the problem. Different types and combinations of actuators can be selected for the control design including differential braking, torque vectoring, active front and rear steering, and active camber system. The proposed structure integrates the lateral stability control, the rollover prevention, and the longitudinal slip control in traction/braking. The reconfigurable controller is developed using the model predictive control approach. Simulation results show that the introduced controller can be effectively used for stability control of different configurations of urban vehicles, and facilitates their control design.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".