Mechanically stimulated ATP release from mammalian cells: systematic review and meta-analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Body tissues are exposed to a complex mechanical environment, which is perceived by cells and converted to biochemical signals such as ATP release. We performed a meta-analysis of 278 systematically identified studies that investigated mechanically stimulated ATP release (MSAR) to quantify the amounts, kinetics and mechanisms of ATP release under normal and pathological conditions. Mechanically stimulated mammalian cells were shown to release 38.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 18.2-81.8] amol ATP/cell on average with a characteristic time constant of 32 s (95% CI: 16-66). Analysis of ATP release mechanisms revealed the existence of conserved and tissue-specific release routes. We assessed ATP release in pathophysiological states, and found that ATP release was elevated in inflammation and injury, and attenuated in hereditary (such as cystic fibrosis) and metabolic (such as type II diabetes) conditions. Our study links cell-specific ATP release mechanisms to pathophysiological changes in ATP release and allows ATP release-targeting interventions to be mapped to site-specific effects. This work demonstrates that quantitative synthesis of basic research can generate non-trivial hypotheses and inform evidence-driven translational studies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.034 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.011 | 0.014 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.011 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".